blank Quick help
blank Maintenance news

Scheduled maintenance

Regular maintenance outages:
between 05.00 and 05.15 hrs CET (Monday to Sunday).

Other outages
Availability

2022.02.11

More...
blank News flashes

News Flashes

New version of the European Patent Register – SPC proceedings information in the Unitary Patent Register.

2024-07-24

More...
blank Related links

Extract from the Register of European Patents

EP About this file: EP1461442

EP1461442 - Transgenic animals bearing human ig lambda light chain genes [Right-click to bookmark this link]
Former [2004/40]TRANSGENIC ANIMALS BEARING HUMAN Ig Lambda LIGHT CHAIN GENES
[2016/31]
StatusPatent revoked
Status updated on  12.01.2024
Database last updated on 03.04.2025
FormerThe patent has been granted
Status updated on  04.08.2017
FormerGrant of patent is intended
Status updated on  27.03.2017
FormerExamination is in progress
Status updated on  25.02.2017
Most recent event   Tooltip12.01.2024Revocation of patentpublished on 14.02.2024  [2024/07]
Applicant(s)For all designated states
Amgen Fremont Inc.
One Amgen Center Drive
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320-1799 / US
[2012/44]
Former [2008/37]For all designated states
Amgen Fremont Inc.
6701 Kaiser Drive
Fremont, CA 94555 / US
Former [2004/40]For all designated states
Abgenix, Inc.
7601 Dumbarton Circle
Fremont, CA 94555 / US
Inventor(s)01 / GREEN, Larry, L.
464 Hill Street
San Francisco, CA 94114 / US
02 / IVANOV, Vladimir
4275 Tanager Common
Fremont, CA 94555 / US
 [2004/40]
Representative(s)Grünecker Patent- und Rechtsanwälte PartG mbB
Leopoldstraße 4
80802 München / DE
[2017/36]
Former [2011/32]Vogelsang-Wenke, Heike, et al
Grünecker Kinkeldey Stockmair & Schwanhäusser Anwaltssozietät Leopoldstrasse 4
80802 München / DE
Former [2008/35]Vossius & Partner
Siebertstrasse 3
81675 München / DE
Former [2004/40]VOSSIUS & PARTNER
Siebertstrasse 4
81675 München / DE
Application number, filing date02782395.427.11.2002
[2004/40]
WO2002US38245
Priority number, dateUS20010334508P30.11.2001         Original published format: US 334508 P
[2004/40]
Filing languageEN
Procedural languageEN
PublicationType: A2 Application without search report
No.:WO03047336
Date:12.06.2003
Language:EN
[2003/24]
Type: A2 Application without search report 
No.:EP1461442
Date:29.09.2004
Language:EN
The application published by WIPO in one of the EPO official languages on 12.06.2003 takes the place of the publication of the European patent application.
[2004/40]
Type: B1 Patent specification 
No.:EP1461442
Date:06.09.2017
Language:EN
[2017/36]
Search report(s)International search report - published on:US24.06.2004
(Supplementary) European search report - dispatched on:EP27.10.2006
ClassificationIPC:A01K67/027, C12N15/13, C12N15/85, C12N5/07, C07K16/00
[2016/31]
CPC:
C12N15/8509 (EP,US); A01K67/0278 (EP,US); C07K16/00 (EP,US);
C07K16/24 (EP,US); A01K2207/15 (EP,US); A01K2217/00 (EP,US);
A01K2217/05 (EP,US); A01K2217/052 (EP,US); A01K2217/075 (EP,US);
A01K2217/15 (EP,US); A01K2227/105 (EP,US); A01K2267/01 (EP,US);
A01K2267/0381 (EP,US); C07K2317/21 (EP,US); C12N2800/206 (EP,US) (-)
Former IPC [2006/45]A01K67/027, C12N15/13, C12N15/85, C12N5/06, C07K16/00
Former IPC [2004/40]C12P21/00, C12N15/00, C12N5/06, C07K16/00, C07H21/04, A01K67/00, A01K67/027
Designated contracting statesAT,   BE,   BG,   CH,   CY,   CZ,   DE,   DK,   EE,   ES,   FI,   FR,   GB,   GR,   IE,   IT,   LI,   LU,   MC,   NL,   PT,   SE,   SK,   TR [2017/36]
Former [2004/40]AT,  BE,  BG,  CH,  CY,  CZ,  DE,  DK,  EE,  ES,  FI,  FR,  GB,  GR,  IE,  IT,  LI,  LU,  MC,  NL,  PT,  SE,  SK,  TR 
Extension statesAL30.06.2004
LT30.06.2004
LV30.06.2004
MK30.06.2004
RO30.06.2004
SI30.06.2004
TitleGerman:Transgene Tiere mit menschlichen ig-lambda-leichte-Kette-Genen[2016/31]
English:Transgenic animals bearing human ig lambda light chain genes[2016/31]
French:Animaux transgéniques porteurs de gènes à chaîne légère lambda d'immunoglobuline humaine[2016/44]
Former [2004/40]TRANSGENE TIERE MIT MENSCHLICHEN Ig-LAMBDA-LEICHTE-KETTE-GENEN
Former [2004/40]TRANSGENIC ANIMALS BEARING HUMAN Ig Lambda LIGHT CHAIN GENES
Former [2004/40]ANIMAUX TRANSGENIQUES PORTEURS DE GENES A CHAINE LEGERE LAMBDA D'IMMUNOGLOBULINE HUMAINE
Entry into regional phase30.06.2004National basic fee paid 
30.06.2004Search fee paid 
30.06.2004Designation fee(s) paid 
30.06.2004Examination fee paid 
Examination procedure16.06.2003Request for preliminary examination filed
International Preliminary Examining Authority: US
30.06.2004Amendment by applicant (claims and/or description)
30.06.2004Examination requested  [2004/40]
18.10.2007Despatch of a communication from the examining division (Time limit: M06)
08.09.2008Reply to a communication from the examining division
28.10.2009Despatch of a communication from the examining division (Time limit: M06)
07.05.2010Reply to a communication from the examining division
08.08.2011Despatch of a communication from the examining division (Time limit: M04)
19.12.2011Reply to a communication from the examining division
03.02.2012Observations by third parties
21.08.2012Despatch of a communication from the examining division (Time limit: M06)
19.06.2013Reply to a communication from the examining division
11.06.2014Despatch of a communication from the examining division (Time limit: M06)
19.01.2015Despatch of communication that the application is deemed to be withdrawn, reason: reply to the communication from the examining division not received in time
23.03.2015Reply to a communication from the examining division
15.12.2015Despatch of a communication from the examining division (Time limit: M04)
25.04.2016Reply to a communication from the examining division
25.10.2016Communication of intention to grant the patent
20.02.2017Disapproval of the communication of intention to grant the patent by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the EPO
28.03.2017Communication of intention to grant the patent
25.07.2017Fee for grant paid
25.07.2017Fee for publishing/printing paid
25.07.2017Receipt of the translation of the claim(s)
Divisional application(s)EP10178127.6  / EP2319301
EP17185948.1  / EP3269235
EP20159959.4  / EP3698626
The date of the Examining Division's first communication in respect of the earliest application for which a communication has been issued is  18.10.2007
Opposition(s)Opponent(s)01  06.06.2018  24.07.2018  ADMISSIBLE
STRAWMAN LIMITED
Winnington House
2 Woodberry Grove
North Finchley
London
N12 0DR / GB
Opponent's representative
Potter Clarkson
Chapel Quarter
Mount Street
Nottingham NG1 6HQ / GB
 [N/P]
Former [2018/35]
Opponent(s)01  06.06.2018  24.07.2018  ADMISSIBLE
STRAWMAN LIMITED
Winnington House
2 Woodberry Grove
North Finchley
London
N12 0DR / GB
Opponent's representative
Potter Clarkson LLP
The Belgrave Centre
Talbot Street
Nottingham NG1 5GG / GB
Former [2018/29]
Opponent(s)01  06.06.2018   
STRAWMAN LIMITED
Winnington House
2 Woodberry Grove
North Finchley
London
Greater London N120DR / GB
Opponent's representative
Potter Clarkson LLP
The Belgrave Centre
Talbot Street
Nottingham NG1 5GG / GB
29.06.2018No. 01: Notification indicating deficiencies in the notice of opposition
23.07.2018No. 01: Reply to notification indicating deficiencies in the notice of opposition
31.07.2018Invitation to proprietor to file observations on the notice of opposition
10.12.2018Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition
30.10.2019Date of oral proceedings
14.11.2019Despatch of a communication from the opposition division (Time limit: M02)
14.11.2019Despatch of minutes of oral proceedings
15.11.2019Reply to a communication from the opposition division
04.12.2019Despatch of a communication from the opposition division (Time limit: M01)
17.01.2020Reply to a communication from the opposition division
30.03.2020Despatch of interlocutory decision in opposition
10.01.2024Legal effect of revocation of patent [2024/07]
10.01.2024Despatch of communication that the patent will be revoked
Appeal following opposition26.05.2020Appeal received No.  T1251/20
07.08.2020Statement of grounds filed
04.01.2024Result of appeal procedure: revocation of the patent
10.01.2024Despatch of the decision of the Board of Appeal
22.05.2020Appeal received No.  T1251/20
29.07.2020Statement of grounds filed
27.01.2023Invitation to file observations in an appeal (Time limit: M02) [2023/04]
04.01.2024Result of appeal procedure: revocation of the patent
10.01.2024Despatch of the decision of the Board of Appeal
Request for further processing for:The application is deemed to be withdrawn due to failure to reply to the examination report
23.03.2015Request for further processing filed
23.03.2015Full payment received (date of receipt of payment)
Request granted
24.04.2015Decision despatched
The application is deemed to be withdrawn due to failure to reply to the examination report
19.06.2013Request for further processing filed
19.06.2013Full payment received (date of receipt of payment)
Request granted
11.07.2013Decision despatched
The application is deemed to be withdrawn due to failure to reply to the examination report
08.09.2008Request for further processing filed
08.09.2008Full payment received (date of receipt of payment)
Request granted
17.10.2008Decision despatched
Fees paidRenewal fee
22.11.2004Renewal fee patent year 03
29.11.2005Renewal fee patent year 04
27.11.2006Renewal fee patent year 05
27.11.2007Renewal fee patent year 06
27.03.2008Renewal fee patent year 07
25.11.2009Renewal fee patent year 08
24.11.2010Renewal fee patent year 09
23.11.2011Renewal fee patent year 10
26.11.2012Renewal fee patent year 11
27.11.2013Renewal fee patent year 12
26.11.2014Renewal fee patent year 13
10.11.2015Renewal fee patent year 14
10.11.2016Renewal fee patent year 15
Opt-out from the exclusive  Tooltip
competence of the Unified
Patent Court
See the Register of the Unified Patent Court for opt-out data
Responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or quality of the data displayed under the link provided lies entirely with the Unified Patent Court.
Lapses during opposition  TooltipAT06.09.2017
CY06.09.2017
CZ06.09.2017
EE06.09.2017
FI06.09.2017
MC06.09.2017
NL06.09.2017
PT06.09.2017
SE06.09.2017
SK06.09.2017
TR06.09.2017
IE27.11.2017
LU27.11.2017
BE30.11.2017
BG06.12.2017
GR07.12.2017
GB26.11.2022
ES28.11.2022
[2023/33]
Former [2023/08]AT06.09.2017
CY06.09.2017
CZ06.09.2017
EE06.09.2017
FI06.09.2017
MC06.09.2017
NL06.09.2017
PT06.09.2017
SE06.09.2017
SK06.09.2017
TR06.09.2017
IE27.11.2017
LU27.11.2017
BE30.11.2017
BG06.12.2017
GR07.12.2017
GB26.11.2022
Former [2020/28]AT06.09.2017
CY06.09.2017
CZ06.09.2017
EE06.09.2017
FI06.09.2017
MC06.09.2017
NL06.09.2017
PT06.09.2017
SE06.09.2017
SK06.09.2017
TR06.09.2017
IE27.11.2017
LU27.11.2017
BE30.11.2017
BG06.12.2017
GR07.12.2017
Former [2020/16]AT06.09.2017
CY06.09.2017
CZ06.09.2017
EE06.09.2017
FI06.09.2017
MC06.09.2017
NL06.09.2017
SE06.09.2017
SK06.09.2017
TR06.09.2017
IE27.11.2017
LU27.11.2017
BE30.11.2017
BG06.12.2017
GR07.12.2017
Former [2019/46]AT06.09.2017
CY06.09.2017
CZ06.09.2017
EE06.09.2017
FI06.09.2017
MC06.09.2017
NL06.09.2017
SE06.09.2017
SK06.09.2017
IE27.11.2017
LU27.11.2017
BE30.11.2017
BG06.12.2017
GR07.12.2017
Former [2018/50]AT06.09.2017
CZ06.09.2017
EE06.09.2017
FI06.09.2017
MC06.09.2017
NL06.09.2017
SE06.09.2017
SK06.09.2017
IE27.11.2017
LU27.11.2017
BE30.11.2017
BG06.12.2017
GR07.12.2017
Former [2018/45]AT06.09.2017
CZ06.09.2017
EE06.09.2017
FI06.09.2017
MC06.09.2017
NL06.09.2017
SE06.09.2017
SK06.09.2017
IE27.11.2017
LU27.11.2017
BG06.12.2017
GR07.12.2017
Former [2018/41]AT06.09.2017
CZ06.09.2017
EE06.09.2017
FI06.09.2017
MC06.09.2017
NL06.09.2017
SE06.09.2017
SK06.09.2017
LU27.11.2017
BG06.12.2017
GR07.12.2017
Former [2018/33]AT06.09.2017
CZ06.09.2017
EE06.09.2017
FI06.09.2017
MC06.09.2017
NL06.09.2017
SE06.09.2017
SK06.09.2017
BG06.12.2017
GR07.12.2017
Former [2018/24]AT06.09.2017
CZ06.09.2017
EE06.09.2017
FI06.09.2017
NL06.09.2017
SE06.09.2017
SK06.09.2017
BG06.12.2017
GR07.12.2017
Former [2018/21]CZ06.09.2017
FI06.09.2017
NL06.09.2017
SE06.09.2017
BG06.12.2017
GR07.12.2017
Former [2018/15]FI06.09.2017
NL06.09.2017
SE06.09.2017
BG06.12.2017
GR07.12.2017
Former [2018/12]FI06.09.2017
SE06.09.2017
BG06.12.2017
GR07.12.2017
Former [2018/09]FI06.09.2017
SE06.09.2017
Former [2018/08]FI06.09.2017
Documents cited:Search[X]EP1106061  (KIRIN BREWERY [JP]) [X] 1-3,5-12,15,17-20,25-34 *examples 2-5, 22, 30-37, 46, 47, 56, 57, 63-66, 71-73, 81, 84, 97, 103, 105-109*;
 [XY]  - KUROIWA Y ET AL, "MANIPULATION OF HUMAN MINICHROMOSOMES TO CARRY GREATER THAN MEGABASE-SIZED CHROMOSOME INSERTS", NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, NEW YORK, NY, US, (200010), vol. 18, ISSN 1087-0156, pages 1086 - 1090, XP002949330 [X] 1-3,5-12,15,17-20,25-34 * the whole document * [Y] 21-24

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/80287
 [X]  - HEVEKER NIKOLAUS ET AL, "A human monoclonal antibody with the capacity to neutralize Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin", BIOSIS, BIOSCIENCES INFORMATION SERVICE, PHILADELPHIA, PA, US, (1994), Database accession no. PREV199598035347, XP002402059 [X] 16,18 * abstract *
 [X]  - MAHLER S M ET AL, "Cloning and expression of human V-genes derived from phage display libraries as fully assembled human anti-TNFalpha monoclonal antibodies", IMMUNOTECHNOLOGY, ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS BV, NL, (199703), vol. 3, no. 1, ISSN 1380-2933, pages 31 - 43, XP004075437 [X] 38-47 * page 33 *

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1380-2933(96)00058-9
 [Y]  - GREEN LARRY L, "Antibody engineering via genetic engineering of the mouse: XenoMouse strains are a vehicle for the facile generation of therapeutic human monoclonal antibodies", JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS, (19991210), vol. 231, no. 1-2, ISSN 0022-1759, pages 11 - 23, XP004186071 [Y] 21-24 * page 16, column R, paragraph 2 * * page 20, column L, paragraph L - page 21, column L, paragraph 1 *

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1759(99)00137-4
 [A]  - KAWASAKI K ET AL, "PROPAGATION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE 119 HUMAN IMMUNOGLOBULIN VLAMBDA GENES AND PSEUDOGENES DURING EVOLUTION", JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY, (2000), vol. 288, no. 2, ISSN 0022-104X, pages 120 - 134, XP009010722

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-010X(20000815)288:2<120::AID-JEZ4>3.0.CO;2-I
 [A]  - DUNHAM I ET AL, "THE DNA SEQUENCE OF HUMAN CHROMOSOME 22", NATURE, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, LONDON, GB, (19991202), vol. 402, ISSN 0028-0836, pages 489 - 495, XP002949159

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/990031
 [PA]  - KELLERMANN SIRID AIMÉE ET AL, "Antibody discovery: the use of transgenic mice to generate human monoclonal antibodies for therapeutics.", CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY. DEC 2002, (200212), vol. 13, no. 6, ISSN 0958-1669, pages 593 - 597, XP002293544 [PA] * page 595, paragraph 4 *

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0958-1669(02)00354-3
International search[Y]US6162963  (KUCHERLAPATI RAJU [US], et al);
 [X]GB2344344  (BABRAHAM INST [GB]);
 [X]  - NICHOLSON I.C. ET AL., "Antibody repertoires of four- and five-feature translocus mice carrying human immunoglobulin heavy chain and kappa and lambda light chain yeast artificial chromosomes", J. IMMUNOL., (1999), vol. 163, pages 6898 - 6906, XP002974255
 [Y]  - DUELL T. ET AL., "High-resolution physical map of the immunoglobulin lambda variant gene cluster assembled by quantitative DNA fiber mapping", GENOMICS, (1997), vol. 45, pages 479 - 486, XP004459109

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/geno.1997.4954
ExaminationWO9824893
 WO0076310
    - BRÜGGEMANN M.; TAUSSIG M.J., "Production of human antibody repertoire in transgenic mice", CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY, (1997), vol. 8, pages 455 - 458
    - GREEN L L ET AL, "ANTIGEN-SPECIFIC HUMAN MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES FROM MICE ENGINEERED WITH HUMAN IG HEAVY AND LIGHT CHAIN YACS", NATURE GENETICS, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, NEW YORK, US, (19940501), vol. 7, doi:10.1038/NG0594-13, ISSN 1061-4036, pages 1 - 09, XP002949335

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0594-13
    - LEFRANC M P, "Nomenclature of the human immunoglobulin lambda (IGL) genes", EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL IMMUNOGENETICS, S.KARGER, BASEL, CH, (20010101), vol. 18, no. 4, doi:10.1159/000049203, ISSN 0254-9670, pages 242 - 254, XP009096780

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000049203
    - SAMUEL C WILLIAMS ET AL, "Sequence and Evolution of the Human Germline V lambda Repertoire", J. MOL. BIOL., (19960101), vol. 264, pages 220 - 232, XP055121327
by applicantUS6300129
 WO9824893
 US5939598
 US6162963
    - GREEN ET AL., NATURE GENETICS, (1994), vol. 7, pages 13 - 21
    - PEARSON, METHODS ENZYMOL., (1990), vol. 183, pages 63 - 98
    - PEARSON, METHODS MOL. BIOL, vol. 132
    - CHOTHIA; LESK, J. MOL. BIOL., (1987), vol. 196, pages 901 - 917
    - CHOTHIA ET AL., NATURE, (1989), vol. 342, pages 878 - 883
    - FRIPPIAT ET AL., HUM. MOL. GENET., (1995), vol. 4, pages 987 - 991
    - KAWASAKI ET AL., GENOME RES., (1997), vol. 7, pages 250 - 261
    - WILLIAMS ET AL., J. MOL. BIOL., (1996), vol. 264, pages 220 - 232
    - HERMANSON ET AL., NUCLEIC ACIDS. RES., (1991), vol. 19, pages 4943 - 4948
    - SCHEISTL ET AL., CURR. GENET., (1989), vol. 16, pages 339 - 346
    - HUM. MOL. GENET, (1990), vol. 5, pages 563 - 569
    - MENDEZ ET AL., GENOMICS, (1995), vol. 26, pages 294 - 307
    - JAKOBOVITS ET AL., NATURE, (1993), vol. 362, pages 255 - 8
    - G. GALFRE ET AL., METHODS ENZYMOL., (1981), vol. 73, pages 3 - 46
    - GROSS-BELLARD, M..; OUDET, P.; CHAMBON, P., "Isolation of high molecular weight DNA from mammalian cells", EUR. J. BIOCHEM., (1973), vol. 36, doi:doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02881.x, pages 32 - 38, XP000864649

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02881.x
    - PRIPPIAT ET AL., "Organization of the human immunoglobulin ? light-chain locus on chromosome 22q 11.2", HUM. MOL. GENET., (1995), vol. 4, doi:doi:10.1093/hmg/4.6.983, pages 983 - 991, XP008136346

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/4.6.983
    - UDEY, J.A; BLOMBERG, B., "Human ? light chain locus: Organization and DNA sequences of three genomic J regions", IMMUNOGENETICS, vol. 25, page 63
otherGB2344344
    - GREEN L.L. ET AL, "Antigen-specific human monoclonal antibodies from mice engineered with human Ig heavy and light chain YACs", NATURE GENETICS, (199405), vol. 7, pages 13 - 21, XP000953045

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0594-13
OppositionWO9824893
 WO9945962
 GB2344344
 US6162963
 WO0076310
 EP1106061
 WO02066630
 EP1391511
    - NICHOLSON et al., "Antibody repertoires of four- and five-feature translocus mice carrying human immunoglobulin heavy chain and kappa and lambda light chain yeast artificial chromosomes", J. Immunol., (19990000), vol. 163, pages 6898 - 6906, XP002974255
    - KUROIWA et al., "MANIPULATION OF HUMAN MINICHROMOSOMES TO CARRY GREATER THAN MEGABASE-SIZED CHROMOSOME INSERTS", NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY, (20000000), vol. 18, pages 1086 - 1090, XP002949330

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/80287
    - HEVEKER et al., "A human monoclonal antibody with the capacity to neutralize Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin", Biosis, (19940000), Database accession no. PREV199598035347, XP002402059
    - MAHLER et al., "Cloning and expression of human V-genes derived from phage display libraries as fully assembled human anti-TNFalpha monoclonal antibodies", Immunotechnology, (19970000), vol. 3, no. 1, pages 31 - 43, XP004075437

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1380-2933(96)00058-9
    - BRÜGGEMANN et al., "PRODUCTION OF HUMAN ANTIBODY REPERTOIRES AND TRANSGENIC MICE", Current Opinion in Biotechnology, (19970000), vol. 8, pages 455 - 458, XP000944577

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0958-1669(97)80068-7
    - GREEN, LARRY L, "Antibody engineering via genetic engineering of the mouse: XenoMouse strains are a vehicle for the facile generation of therapeutic human monoclonal antibodies", J. Immunological Methods, (19990000), vol. 231, pages 11 - 23, XP004186071

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1759(99)00137-4
    - DUELL et al., "High-Resolution Physical Map of the Immunoglobulin @l Variant Gene Cluster Assembled by Quantitative DNA Fiber Mapping", Genomics, (19970000), vol. 45, pages 479 - 486, XP004459109

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/geno.1997.4954
    - LEFRANC , M P, "Nomenclature of the human immunoglobulin lambda (IGL) genes", Exp. Clin. Immunogenet., (20010000), vol. 18, no. 4, pages 242 - 254, XP009096780

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000049203
    - WILLIAMS et al., "Sequence and Evolution of the Human Germline V lambda Repertoire", J. Mol. Biol., (19960000), vol. 264, pages 220 - 232, XP055121327
    - KAWASAKI et al., "PROPAGATION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE 119 HUMAN IMMUNOGLOBULIN VLAMBDA GENES AND PSEUDOGENES DURING EVOLUTION", J. Experimental Zoology, (20000000), vol. 288, no. 2, pages 120 - 134, XP009010722

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-010X(20000815)288:2<120::AID-JEZ4>3.0.CO;2-I
    - DUNHAM et al., "THE DNA SEQUENCE OF HUMAN CHROMOSOME 22", Nature, (19990000), vol. 402, pages 489 - 495, XP001180206

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/990031
    - KELLERMANN et al., "Antibody discovery: the use of transgenic mice to generate human monoclonal antibodies for therapeutics", Current Opinion in Biotech., (20020000), vol. 13, no. 6, pages 593 - 597, XP002293544

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0958-1669(02)00354-3
    - BRUGGEMANN, "Chapter 58 - The Preparation of Human Antibodies from Mice Harbouring Human Immunoglobulin Loci", Transgenic Animals: Generation and Use, (19970000), pages 397 - 402, XP055303684
    - GREEN et al., "ANTIGEN-SPECIFIC HUMAN MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES FROM MICE ENGINEERED WITH HUMAN IG HEAVY AND LIGHT CHAIN YACS", Nature Genetics, (19940000), vol. 7, pages 13 - 21, XP000953045

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0594-13
    - MENDEZ et al., "FUNCTIONAL TRANSPLANT OF MEGABASE HUMAN IMMUNOGLOBULIN LOCI RECAPITULATES HUMAN ANTIBODY RESPONSE IN MICE", Nature Genetics, (19970000), vol. 15, pages 146 - 156, XP002067603

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0297-146
    - "Mus musculus", Genome - NCBI, URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/52
    - FENG et al., "Position Effects Are Influenced by the Orientation of a Transgene with Respect to Flanking Chromatin", Molecular Cellular Biol, (20010000), vol. 21, no. 1, pages 298 - 309, XP055482593

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/MCB.21.1.298-309.2001
    - GREEN et al., "REGULATION OF B CELL DEVELOPMENT BY VARIABLE GENE COMPLEXITY IN MICE RECONSTITUTED WITH HUMAN IMMUNOGLOBULIN YEAST ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOMES", J Exp Med, (19980000), vol. 188, no. 3, pages 483 - 495, XP008051189

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.188.3.483
    - PINKERT et al., "Elevated PC responsive B cells and anti-PC antibody production in transgenic mice harboring anti-PC immunoglobulin genes", Vet Immunology and Immunopathology, (19890000), vol. 23, no. 3-4, pages 321 - 332, XP023687281

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-2427(89)90144-X
    - FRIPPIAT et al., "Organization of the human immunoglobulin lambda light-chain locus on chromosome 22q11.2", Human Molecular Genetics, (19950000), vol. 4, no. 6, pages 983 - 991, XP008136346

DOI:   http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/4.6.983
    - "Abgenix Introduces Enhanced Version of XenoMouse Technology", (20010000), URL: www.chemeurope.com/en/news/6426/abqenix-introduces-enhanced-version-of-xenomouse-technoloqy.html, XP002637948
    - MELTON D.W., "Chapter 8 - Gene-Targeting Strategies", MELTON D.W., A.R. Clarke, Methods in Molecular Biology, Transgenesis Techniques - Principles and Protocols, 2nd ed., (20020000), pages 151 - 173, XP055497679
The EPO accepts no responsibility for the accuracy of data originating from other authorities; in particular, it does not guarantee that it is complete, up to date or fit for specific purposes.